System techniques

Each World Rugby system will have slight differences in how their technology work and operate in game, however, there are fundamental techniques which should apply across all systems:

Looping

• Looping is replaying either the same angle or a different angle but starting at the same point each time when the angle is rolled to air. This is used for formal reviews when rolling live on television and the big screen for the referee to make a decision 
• Looping is standard and matches broadcast replay style 

Zooms 

• The ability to zoom in and out 

Split screens 

• Playing two angles next to each other in sync - useful for showing a try grounding vs. a foot in touch 

Bookmarks 

• The ability to create time stamps in some capacity - live or not, so that ‘marks’ can be held and the TMO can ensure the on-field referees are accurate 

Privacy screens 

• This is a cover for the TMO output feed to ensure that nothing is shown on air that should not be 

Speeds 

A variety of speeds will be used on and off air to be able to play the footage forwards and backwards. This ensures the TMO can see everything they need to review an incident 

• Slow motion for precision
  • Used for detailed incidents like ball grounding, foot placement, or foul play to highlight the smaller details 

• Real-time playback
  • Necessary for assessing subjective factors, such as, the intent of a tackle, the degree of danger involved, or offside positioning 

• Medium speed
  • Occasionally used to balance clarity with fluidity for scenarios like try-scoring build-ups.