World Rugby Passport

Welcome to the World Rugby Laws of the game Here you can find the game laws in full – including explanatory videos - a full definitions list; the laws for the different variations and modified for ... ons via the top right of the screen to select the best one for you. Please note that not all content is available in all languages. If you're a match official, or interested in developing match offi

Laws of the Game Exam

This self-check multiple-choice exam is a pre-requisite for many World Rugby and union-specific educational courses for referees, coaches, and match management staff. After completing the Laws exam, which has 60 questions to answer, you can download your personalised certificate. Registration is free and takes only a few minutes. We suggest you use the Laws site to help you to complete the modul

Laws of the Game Exam 2025

The World Rugby Law exam was refreshed in April 2026. Please click here to find the new version This self-check multiple-choice exam is a pre-requisite for many World Rugby and union-specific educational courses for referees, coaches, and match management staff. After completing the Laws exam, you can download your personalised certificate. Registration is free and takes only a fe

Foreword

r of the match. The laws of the game, including the standard set of variations for under-19s, 10 ... t. It is the duty of the referee to apply fairly all the laws in every match, including law trials and variation ... s of rugby at an appropriate time, offering them more protection from injury. The age and conten

Definitions

e Any device approved by the match organiser to support the ball when taking a place-kick. Kick-off The method of starting each half of a match and at the beginning of each period of extra-tim ... r, and/or independent match day doctor, and, in sevens, two in-goal judges. Match organiser Administrative bod ... e the ball is thrown in. The mark of touch cannot be within five metres of a try line. Match official

Playing Charter

s, opponents, match officials and those involved in the game is paramount Application There is an ove ... s of play. The match officials can achieve this through fairness, consistency, sensitivity and, whe ... s to respect the authority of the match officials. Conclusion Rugby is valued as a sport for all. It build

6 Match officials

1 The referee is appointed by the match organiser. If no referee has been appointed, the two teams agre ... s of the match organiser. If the match organiser has given no instructions, the referee appoints a replacemen ... s the time. However, the match organiser may appoint a time-keeper who will signify the end of each half. ... l GLOBAL LAW TRIAL 6.15 A match organiser may appoint a television match official (TMO), who use

Law 6: Match officials

...

Match official signals

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Setting the scene

These 11 questions all relate to areas of the game you need to think about before a match kicks off, or are related to the role of a match official. For example, it will include laws relating to the ground, team, ball, players clothing, time, match officials, and match official signals.

2025-04 Minor law amends to protect medical staff and add minimum perimeter areas

Match officials The law book definitions of Match Officials and 'Additional persons' have not appropriately covered the Match Day Doctor (MDD), Time-keeper or Foul play Review Officer (FPRO).&nbs ... s of the game: Definition: Match officials Those who control the game, usually consisting of a referee and two assistant referees or touch judges but may also include a television match official, a tim

5 Time

0 minutes plus time lost), unless the match organiser has authorised the playing of extra-time in a draw ... s as decided by the match organiser. During this time, the teams and match officials may leave the playing enclosure. 5.3 In non-international matches, the match organiser may decide to reduce the length of a match. If the match organiser does not decide, the teams agree on the length of a matc

Enforcement of current Law - October 2018

At a meeting in September 2018, World Rugby’s Rugby Committee determined that, as in 2015, certain aspects of foul play law needed to be reinforced by match officials: In both the tackle and cleanout as per current law: A player must not make contact with an opponent above the line of the shoulder ... d. Match officials should work together to ensure that foul play is strictly penalised and that playe

Laws app - what's new

r a ruck to score a try Japanese translations refinements May 2025 Match official signals updated Law 1.3e amended to specified minimum perimeter areas Definition of Match Official and wordings in Law 6 to include Match Day Doctors and ensure actions towards them are covered in law&nbs ... t time, and for content updates for existing users January 2025 New app launched

3 Team

l matches, a union may nominate up to eight replacements. 3.5 For other matches, the match organise ... s. A match organiser may, having taken player welfare into account, amend the minimum number of front-ro ... h a prop and a hooker 23 6 Loose-head prop, tight-head prop and hooker 3.9 Where the match organise ... w or if the referee so orders. 3.14 A match organiser may stipulate the conditions under which a game ma

Uncontested Scrums - December 2017

n of the Union/match organiser, a player whose departure has caused the referee to order unconteste ... e so orders. (b) Unions/match organisers may determine whether or not a game may start or continu ... t be played with eight players per side. Scenario 1. During the match a team replaced both their prop ... g the match a team replaced both their props through injury. The replacement TH is temporary suspended (Y/

Touch Rugby

y on. (b) The surface may be grass, sand, clay, snow or artificial grass. Match organisers may decid ... y Match organisers may decide the dimensions of the playing area according to competitio ... l the referee before the match starts. (b) The referee or match organisers will attempt to resolve the issues but must not start a match if any part of the ground is considered to be dangerous. Law

IRB Maul Working Group Outcomes - August 2009

s or restart kicks. (Match Officials were instructed to apply this from May 2009 - a DVD was circulated to all match elite match officials and Referee Managers.) Mauls from open play should be referee ... e, a scrum is ordered. If the maul is moved backwards, match officials currently do not apply Law 17. ... y encourage the non-ball-carrying side to commit to the maul at its formation. Match officials als

Beach Touch Rugby

6 Playing extra time: A match may last more than ten minutes if the match organiser has authorise ... t be safe to play on at all times. (b) The surface must be sand. 1.2 Dimensions Match organiser ... e the match starts. (b) The referee will attempt to resolve the issues but must not start a match if an ... 1 Maximum: Each team must have no more than six players on the playing area. Match organisers may var

Uncontested Scrums - March 2020

d with eight players per side. 17. In a squad of 23 players or at the discretion of the match organise ... 1. During the match a team replaced both their props through injury. The replacement TH gets injure ... m with eight players in the scrum. Scenario 2. During the match a team replaced both their props through injury. The replacement TH is temporary suspended (Y/C). At the next scrum awarded in the matc

2 Ball

y be available during a match.

Enforcement of current Law - June 2012

At a meeting in May 2012, the Laws Representation Group (LRG) considered the areas of the Game where, it had been agreed by the LRG/Rugby Committee/IRB Council, Law amendments were not required but that current Law was to be enforced by match officials including: 1. Ball ripped from a ball carry not to be considered a knock-on 2. Offside when the ball is kicked to touch thereb

Beach Fives Rugby

f of the match. 5.6 Playing extra time: A match may last more than ten minutes if the match organise ... e is permitted on all dimensions. Match organisers may vary the dimensions accordin ... t tell the referee before the match starts. (b) The referee will attempt to resolve the issues but must not start a match if any part of the ground is considered to be dangerous. Law 2: The Ball 2.

Law Application Guideline - January 2023

e was created for players, match officials and spectators alike. As we near the showcase men’s rugb ... p the game Players and match officials are reminded of the following existing laws which need to be strictl ... s and match hosts to implement on-screen (TV and stadia) shot clocks, usually administered by the Time Keepe ... s for 2023-27. TMO Protocol Match officials are reminded that the TMO process is for identifyin

Beach Tag Rugby

h may last more than ten minutes if the match organiser has authorised the playing of extra tim ... s. Match organisers may vary the dimensions according to the requirements of the competition. 1.3 Line ... e the match starts. (b) The referee will attempt to resolve the issues but must not start a match if any par ... d numbers: At any time before or during a match a team captain may make an objection to the refere

4 Permitted clothing

r the player to remove the item. The player must not take part in the match until the item is removed or rendered harmless. 4.6 If, at an inspection before the match, a match official tells a playe

T1 Rugby

ame The Rules Downloads: T1 Rugby - Game Infographic T1 Rugby - Game Rules Infographic T1 Rugby - How to Play The Game (Short Rules) Infographic T1 Rugby - How to Play The Game (Long Rules) Document T1 Rugby - Match Managers Information More Information: T1 Rugby

Tag Rugby

e assistant referee. 6.2 All players are under the control of the referee and/or match organiser fro ... l purposes. If a match organiser permits chip kicks a defending player may call a mark from a chip kic ... y on. (b) The surface may be grass, sand, clay, snow or artificial grass. Match organisers may decid ... y Match organisers may decide the dimensions of the playing area according to competition, developmenta

Enforcement of current Law - May 2015

At a meeting in April 2015, the Laws Representation Group (LRG) considered the areas of the Game where, it had been agreed that Law amendments were not required but that current Law was to be enforced by match officials including: Every time the head or the neck is deliberately grabbed or choke ... t be penalised Match officials should work together to ensure that foul play is strictly penalise

2025-02 Law Book and Laws app launched

s of the game, law clarifications, application guidelines and match official signals. As it' ... e the game easier to understand for fans, players and match officials alike. For example, reference

2025-07 Global Law Trial - 20-minute red card replacement

r a red card and the player will take no further part in the match. A player sent off may not be replace ... p; Law 3 Team: Tactical replacements joining the match 3.33 Tactically replaced players may retur

2026-04 New law exam now live

A new and updated Law exam is now live on Passport. It’s available in all previously available languages. What we've done: Old exam: 25 sections (questions for each of the 21 laws plus variations, signals) requiring 144 questions to get a certificate New Exam: 6 sections (covering before the match, during the match, key contest areas, foul play, variations etc) requiring 60 question

Implementation of the 20minute red card replacement in elite rugby - August 2025

d card replacement by the appointed match officials. This was also agreed by Council. Union ... s, not all elite fixtures will have a Television Match Official (TMO) or a Foul Play Review Officer (FPR ... e of an FPRO, was added to the definition of match officials in law in 2025. They join the referee, assistant referees, TMO, match day doctor etc in the definition. As part of the trial, foul pla

Head Contact Process - March 2021

d by match officials and disciplinary personnel. This include ... c Mitigation will not apply for intentional or highly reckless acts of foul play Trigger words for match officials Match officials may wish to use the non-exhaustive list of trigger words below to help the

1 The ground

e of any objections before the match starts. 1.12 The referee will attempt to resolve the issues and will not start a match if any part of the ground is considered to be unsafe.

12 Kick-off and restart kicks

Principle Kick-offs are used to start each half of the match or period of extra-time. Restart kicks are used to resume play. 12.1 All kick-offs and restart kicks are drop kicks. Sanction: The non-kicking team has the option of the kick being retaken or a scrum. Kick-off Kick-offs and restar ... s of the team who kicked off the match start the second half. 12.4 After a team has scored, their opponent

Shape of the Game: Reinforcement of current law - March 2024

s, coaches and match officials. In addition to this guideline, further work on the laws of the gam ... l towards the back of a ruck, the definition of “played” has been met. Subsequently, match official ... e for the ball. In line with the definition, during the “Crouch” and “Bind” phase, match official

2025-01 - Global Law Trials

1 January 2025. From that date, they will be reflected in World Rugby's digital laws content. &nbs ... s with examples for players, coaches, match officials.

9 Foul play

g area. Sanction: Penalty. c. Do anything that may lead the match officials to conside ... r will take no further part in the match. A player sent off may not be replaced. Elite Rugby onl

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